Deliberate practice is the mother of management excellence

Keywords: deliberate practice excellence management enterprise management

Studies show that lack of talent and not independent, successful top secret is rough and rigorous training and hard work

What makes Tiger Woods (Tiger Woods) extraordinary accomplishments? what made Warren Buffett (Warren Buffett) has become the world's top investors? we used to think you know the answer: because they were born with a gift for their respective professional engaged in. It's like not long ago Buffett on the "Fortune" magazine said: "I was born like the distribution of capital. "There is such a talented person who can pick out a thousand miles. You're not, that is, no way.

Okay, guys, things were not so simple. First of all, people do not have born can do a work of genius, because there is no specific talent (sorry, Warren). No one is born of the CEO, or born chess Grandmaster. You only through the years, a lot of effort to achieve excellence. Is not a general effort, but rather hard and rigid. For instance, Warren Buffett, people know that he is very self-regulating, put a substantial amount of time to research the potential investment objectives of financial statements. For you, the good news is that there are no talent is not important, the relationship between the natural talent and excellence, even irrelevant. You can change the destiny, even achieve excellence. Scientists in many fields at the amazing similar conclusions. You know, there are natural does not mean that there is a wisdom that does not mean that there are hardworking, does not mean that some personality characteristics. It is just a inborn ability, you can have something to do very well. From the United Kingdom's researchers Michael J • Hao (Michael J. Howe), Jane • W • Davidson (Jane W. Davidson), John A slote Bardon (John A. Sluboda) after extensive study concluded: "we investigated the evidence that the oratory and cannot lead to excellence. ”

If you would like to know the scientific research personnel how to conclude, let us first consider what they have to solve the problem. In almost all areas need to be hard to learn, the vast majority of people are beginning to learn quickly, and then slow down and eventually completely stuck. But few people can take years or decades continues to increase, ultimately achieve excellence. People may ask: why? [University of Florida Professor K • Anders Eriksson (K. Anders Ericsson) said, this is the "ultimate research challenges". Eriksson, who is the most outstanding researchers] why do some people can continue to improve the answer to the various areas of long-term observation of outstanding personalities. In 1993, Eriksson and his colleagues published the landmark papers, since then, scientists around the world for dozens of research, many people focus on sports, music, and chess, because on those areas of success for long-term assessment and charting with relative ease. Scientists also visited other areas, including business.

The first major conclusion is that no effort would be impossible to achieve excellence. You can think, just find your talented area, you will consistently maintain excellence, but that does not exist. There is no evidence that a person without experience and practice to get good results. Overwhelming evidence shows that even the most talented people, but also need 10 years of efforts to achieve State-of-the-art realm. This support has just said "no free lunch in the world", and it has been widely recognized, the researchers called "10-year rule". So, how to interpret the Bobby • Fisher (Bobby Fischer)? he's 16-year-old becomes a chess Grandmaster. in practice, this rule was established: for him and he has 9 years intensively. As the University of Southern California's John Horn (John Horn) and California State University, Matsunaga-Ho Mei (Hiromi Masunaga) noted, "10 years is a very rough estimate, most researchers recognize it as a minimum value, not an average. "In many areas (such as music, literature) of outstanding persons to be 20 to 30 years to reach the top.

Therefore, excellence is able to pick up, but to go through hard work. But efforts were not enough, because many people work for decades has not achieved excellence, do not even have made great progress. Only those who spend a lot of time to "deliberately exercise" (deliberate practice), they may become the leader in this field. "Deliberate practice" behavior, seek to improve performance, beyond their capacity to make feedback of results, and a high level of repetition. For example, most golfers level cannot increase, this is because only played a bucket of golf, it's not called the deliberate practice. With 8, dyed-in-the-wool batting 300, strive to be the ball into the distance to a point where the success rate of 20 feet reaches 80%, and constantly observe and make the appropriate adjustment, each practiced for hours-this is the deliberate practice. Hold it with a key. Ericsson said: "we found that the various areas of elite spends time in practice is the same, so it is the weekend. ”

In many fields, you can find the same evidence. Eriksson and his colleagues on a group of 20-year-old violin players, best group (composed music school teacher evaluation) an average of 1 million hours worked as a deliberate practice; a time set to 7,500 hours once again set to 5,000 hours. In surgery, insurance sales and almost all sports, this is no exception. Deliberate practice more that the greater achievements. A lot of deliberate practice, which means excellent.

P > not all researchers agree with talent ridiculous on, but they do not oppose the idea of a core, just on the edge of the objection. First of all, some things can not be measured. Two players may similarly to how you can interpret the New England Patriots (New England Patriots) quarterback Tom podebrady (Tom Brady) can last two minutes of the game is better than the performance of? also, researchers have noted that some wunderkind in very little time to learn to speak, read and play music. But surveys have shown that these conditions generally and their parents. In addition, many child prodigy has not had their hour of arrival of excellence in the field, but many leader in small unremarkable. Of course, some important features of score from genetic, but with medical, extremely high intelligence, these factors on their career and not just leads to them not to engage in certain occupations. Only five feet tall, and certainly can't go to the National Baseball League (NFL) current front, seven feet tall people also participated in the Olympic gymnastics competition. Furthermore, these restrictions are not as good as people think like that. Ericsson said: "some International Grandmaster of chess IQ only 90. "More research to do, the more deliberate practice theory confirmed.